Emotional Intelligence among High and Low Self-Monitors

Introduction Humans communicate in a wide variety of different ways. Some of the ways we communicate such as speaking directly to another person is easy to recognize as a form of communication. On the other hand, some of the ways we give and receive information with those around us is not as easily recognizable. Communicating nonverbally is something we as humans do every single day of our lives though we may not be able to pinpoint exact circumstances for when nonverbal communication is required or when it is the best form of communication for the situation. Some people seem to effortlessly communicate and engage with the outside world while others find it to be a far more difficult process. There may be an answer as to why†¦show more content†¦Low Self-monitoring Low self-monitors have really taken to Polonius’ advice of being true to their own self. Individuals that do not conform their behavior to fit in with social demands have been labeled as low self-monitors. These people are controlled from within and do not let social situations impact their behavior. The self-image that they present is accurate of their true attitude and affective states (Mill, 1984). Low self-monitoring individuals express their true feelings and attitudes and seem to expect others to do the same, often accepting the behavior of others at face value (Mill, 1984). Far removed from the chameleon-like nature of the high self-monitors, low self-monitors either do not possess the ability to mimic behavior or are unwilling to adapt to social expectations and demands (Mehra, Brass, Kilduff, 2001). While high self-monitors may have a large number of acquaintances that they have friendly interactions with, low self-monitors are more likely to have a smaller group of people that they are actually friends with. People that have a lower level of self-monitoring ar e often more committed and attached to employers, dating partners, and friends than those with a high level of self-monitoring skill (Kilduff, Day, 1994). When compared to people that identify as high self-monitors, those who possess a lower skill of self-monitoring are less likely to put effort into discoveringShow MoreRelatedEmotional Intelligence Performance And The World Of Academia Essay954 Words   |  4 PagesEmotional Intelligence Introduction Traditionally, the applicant with the higher Intelligence Quotients (IQs) places first in the employment arena. However, Human Resource Managers indicate that candidates with high IQs, but less than desirable Emotional Intelligence Quotient (EQ) may be questionable in job performance and the world of academia. The purpose of this paper is to define, discuss, and provide examples of emotional intelligence and theories significant to the subject. AdditionallyRead MoreManagers Emotional Intelligence Effect On Followers Performance1577 Words   |  7 PagesManager’s Emotional Intelligence Effect on Follower’s Performance Job Satisfaction. Research has shown that leaders who have high levels of emotional intelligence are able to increase the job satisfaction of their workers leading to increase performance. In a study done by Sy, Tram, and O’Hara (2006) of 187 restaurant workers, in which 62 were managers, they investigated the relationship between employees’ emotional intelligence, their manager’s emotional intelligence, employees’ job satisfactionRead MoreSocial Intelligence And Emotional Intelligence1641 Words   |  7 PagesHigh school is the time in a students’ life where learning how to understand others emotions is key to their education. Learning how others emotions can influence their own and how to respond to it can have a positive influence on their psyche and teaches how to be socially aware of how their emotions can be interpreted. They need to have the capacity to discern and respond appropriately to others emotions. To ensure this possibility, the tea chers need to be competent in this area. High school teachersRead MoreThe Leadership Intervention Strategies For Rebuild Team Morale And Effectiveness1681 Words   |  7 Pageslaw matters. Nevertheless, while failing to discern the importance of building positive relationship with team members, maximizing the output of the team seemed to be the only thing she encouraged and valued. As a result, the team had suffered from low morale and there was no trust between Karina and the team members. Complication Poor team relationships are undoubtedly detrimental to team productivity and possibly overall organizational performance (De Dreu and Weingarten 2003). As a team leaderRead MoreEmotional Intelligence And Psychological Intelligence1493 Words   |  6 Pagescalled â€Å"emotional intelligence† which puts you in tune with not only your emotions but the emotions of others as well. This paper will fully explain â€Å"emotional intelligence† along with examples of the concept, examine the theories of â€Å"emotional intelligence† compared to traditional â€Å"intelligence quotient†, suggest reasons why leaders’ need emotional intelligence in today’s workforce, speculate on the consequences when leaders do not possess emotional intelligence, explore elements of emotional intelligenceRead MoreWhy it is important to have emotional intelligence in the workplace1600 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Why Emotional Intelligence Is Important To Have In The Workplace MGMT 201 11/21/2013 Introduction There are many different characteristics a person needs to possess in order to be an effective leader and to be an asset to a company. Besides having a high IQ a leader must be able to evaluate a business environment, manage tasks efficiently, promote strategic thinking and innovation, and manage change. All the traits just mentioned are extremely importantRead MoreEmotional Intelligence As A Therapeutic Setting1543 Words   |  7 PagesEmotional Intelligence Role in a Therapeutic Setting Emotional intelligence or as others call it, emotional quotient, is a relatively new and controversial topic in the world of psychology. Emotional intelligence abbreviated EI or EQ, was first theorized in 1990 by Peter Salovey a social psychologist hailing from Standford University and John Mayer a personality psychologist from Case Western University. These two researchers began by looking at intelligence quotients (IQ) and creating a hypothesisRead MoreThe Topic Of Emotional Intelligence ( Ei )1495 Words   |  6 Pages The topic of emotional intelligence (EI) has been heavily debated for a number of years. There have been many theories and many different angles of research that psychologists have taken pertaining to EI, but none of that research has been overall conclusive in coming up with factual evidence of the true nature of EI. There have been many different criticisms concerning EI and it’s different methods of understanding. One psychologist says that, The first cri ticism is hat even if EI studies tap intoRead MoreThe Effects Of Emotional Intelligence On Student s Academic Performance1756 Words   |  8 PagesThe theory of emotional intelligence has emerged as a standard of intelligence over the last few decades and as a result numerous studies into emotional intelligence have taken place in many different countries under many different circumstances. Researchers have been conducting studies, concentrating on whether a student’s emotional intelligence can have an effect on their academic performance. Possessing a high emotional intelligence or a low emotional intelligence can affect a student’s academicRead MoreLeadership Qualifications in the LeBLANC Group5133 Words   |  21 PagesContents 1. Introduction Pg. 3 1. LeBLANC Group Profile Pg. 3 1. The Problem Pg. 4 2. Purpose of the Paper Pg. 4 3. Developing the Academic foundation of Leadership Pg. 4 1. Leadership and Emotional Intelligence Pg. 4 2. Leadership that gets Results Pg. 6 3. Primal Leadership Pg. 7 4. The Quintessential Leader Pg. 9 5. Theoretical Leadership Model Pg. 10 6. Conclusion Pg. 12 7. Bibliography

Counsellors are ‘Born’ not ‘Made’ Essay - 768 Words

1. Sigmund Freud: Time Magazine named Freud as one of the influential therapists of the 1900’s in an article which appeared in 2001. Later in 2006 an article which appeared in Newsweek in 2006 he is described as historys most debunked doctor(Newsweek 2006). Even though his theories invite much controversy, he is still referred to as the father of psychoanalyses. 2. B.F. Skinner: He was one of the prominent propionates of a theory called behaviourism. He also constructed what became known as the ‘Skinner Box’. Within this box he discovered that a rat or a bird could be trained to obtain food by pressing a button. This he called ‘Operant Conditioning’ and ‘Negative Reinforcement’. According to Martin Fiebert, Professor of clinical†¦show more content†¦He is famous for his idea about ‘client-centred therapy’. He discovered that instead of treating a client as a patient, by displaying more empathy, positive regard and compassion, this would result in the client not feeling judged and therefore more likely to risk participation. The above represents only a small cohort of people and their theories. Many more are responsible for the successful practice of Psychology we posses today. But were those born or made? Enter the age of the ‘Supershrink’. In an article describing this term compiled by Scott Miller, Mark Hubble, and Barry Duncan that appeared in TheropyToday.Net, they set out to answer this question. This article describes that in 1974 David F Ricks invented the term ‘Supershrinks’, This described the evaluation of the performance of the best councillors by studying how beneficial their outcomes where when compared to others. In his study, he selected a cross section of disturbed children being treated by particular councillors, and the results obtained. When re-assessed as adults, the outcomes of the more talented councillors far outweighed the outcomes of what he regarded as less talented councillors which he labelled ‘pseudoshrinks’. He summarised by implying that the person providing the therapy was more of an influence than the methods used, and that evidence of this was overwhelming. In a study commissioned by Bruce Wampold and Jeb Brown in the Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology inShow MoreRelatedCounsellors are ‘Born’ not ‘Made’ Essay1682 Words   |  7 Pagestitle of this essay is Counsellors are ‘Born’ not ‘Made’. The purpose of this assignment is to discuss, and attempt to inform the reader of what makes a good Counsellor, or Therapist’s as they are often referred to. Both sides of the debate will be analyzed, ultimately leading to some conclusion. Are they born? Or are they made? Or is it the possibility that both heredity factors, in addition to their education and life experiences, are required for the skills which counsellors acquire? RecentlyRead Moremiss1688 Words   |  7 Pageseither the individual or a professional refers you to a specialist. E.g. Physiotherapist or counsellor. The holistic assessment includes assessing the needs and preferences taken on by the professional by using assessment tools and working closely with the individual. Identifying current provisions by the professional identifying the resources required to meet individual’s needs Care plan targets are made to be achieved and professional identifies an individual that can support and empower theRead MoreUnderstanding counselling theory. Essay example1389 Words   |  6 Pagesperson-centred model and other models used within counselling. I feel it is important, to have a solid theory foundation of all the counselling models, methods or techniques and the reasons a chosen model, would inform the practice of a qualified counsellor, before attempting to use them. I hope to discover the value, similarities and differences of these models in more depth and where they can be effective in the counselling environment. Origins of Person-centred Counselling. TheRead MoreCross Cultural Conflict1109 Words   |  5 Pagesand if necessary, there is further assistance which can be provided. (Open Colleges 2011, p. 54) Issues that commonly fan the flames of cross-cultural conflict are age, gender, social and political history, cultural history, where the person was born, marital status, the social norms of the milieu in which they grew up - preconceptions, biases, physical, psychological or emotional problems, also sexual mores and religious sensibilities. (legacy.communitydoor.com.au, 14/02/14) One’s own inculcatedRead MoreA Warrior Essay : The Importance Of Courage In Beowulf1275 Words   |  6 Pagesvery dangerous. Courage goes along with loyalty because a warrior needs to keep their sense of courage and loyalty when following their leader into battle or anything. After Hrothgar’s counsellor Aeschere was killed by Grendel’s mother, Beowulf used his courage to fight and avenge King Hrothgar’s close counsellor, (1384-1397). Beowulf not only uses his courage, but he also raises Hrothgar’s courage and again brings back the fact they obey and must follow the heroic code. As stated before, BeowulfRead MoreWilliam Worden s Tasks Of Grief Essay1106 Words   |  5 Pages/ thoughts of Chontay’s impending death (Worden Winokuer, 2011). KC also experienced numerous emotions of intense sadness, emptiness, numbness, and anger (Worden Winokuer, 2011). KC had no alternative, but adjust to her life without her new-born baby; a baby that had carried inside her and cared for nine days after birth (Attig, 2001; Worden Winokuer, 2011). KC felt guilty at times, that she found it difficult to comfort her living children at times. With support and time, KC discovered/developedRead MoreA Study Of A Friend Dealing With Identity Crisis850 Words   |  4 Pagesdaughters and one granddaughter and one grandson. Both grandchildren are under the age of ten. Mary was married to an FBI agent, and they divorced in the 90 s. Mary is slender built with curves any woman would envy and charming. Most importantly she is born again and loves the Lord. According to Sabar, we can never completely and utterly comprehend the other s experience. To gain the best understanding possible of the other we need to appreciate the way they configure themselves in relation to theRead Morecompare and contrast three core theories of counselling2615 Words   |  11 Pagesï » ¿Compare and Contrast the Three Core Theories of Counselling The British Association for Counselling’s Code of Ethics and Practice for Counsellors states that ‘Counselling may be concerned with developmental issues, addressing and resolving specific problems, making decisions, coping with crisis, developing personal insight and knowledge, working through feelings of inner conflict or improving relationships with others’ (BACP Ethical Framework). Throughout this essay I will illustrate the similaritiesRead MoreTo What Extent Is a Counsellor More Than Just a Good Listener? in Your Discussion We Would Like You to Draw on Key Elements That Form the Practise of Counselling. in Addition We Would Like You to Consider Your Own1821 Words   |  8 PagesTo what extent is a counsellor more than just a good listener? In your discussion we would like you to draw on key elements that form the practise of counselling. In addition we would like you to consider your own qualities and skills and identify what you need to do to progress in the profession. This century has seen a rise in counselling services. We have counsellors for specific diseases, addictions, depression, divorce, name the problem and we seem to have a ‘therapist’ for it. So whatRead MoreEssay about The Historical Development of Counselling1802 Words   |  8 Pageslife. Person centred therapy believes the client holds the answers and has the power of autonomy. The counsellor is there to help facilitate this process by use of the core conditions. This humanistic approach relies less on medical knowledge and training and more on lay analysis. The principles of humanistic medicine are communication, respect and also an emotional connection between counsellor and their client. 1.2 Explain the philosophical basis of Person Centred Counselling. The basis

Digital Art Free Essays

Digital art is a general term for a range of artistic works and practices that use digital technology as an essential part of the creative and/or presentation process. Since the 1970s, various names have been used to describe the process including computer art and multimedia art, and digital art is itself placed under the larger umbrella term new media art. The impact of digital technology has transformed activities such as painting, drawing and sculpture, while new forms, such as net art, digital installation art, and virtual reality, have become recognized artistic practices. We will write a custom essay sample on Digital Art or any similar topic only for you Order Now More generally the term digital artist is used to describe an artist who makes use of digital technologies in the production of art. In an expanded sense, â€Å"digital art† is a term applied to contemporary art that uses the methods of mass production or digital media There are two main paradigms in computer generated imagery. The simplest is 2D computer graphics which reflect how you might draw using a pencil and a piece of paper. In this case, however, the image is on the computer screen and the instrument you draw with might be a tablet stylus or a mouse. What is generated on your screen might appear to be drawn with a pencil, pen or paintbrush. The second kind is 3D computer graphics, where the screen becomes a window into a virtual environment, where you arrange objects to be â€Å"photographed† by the computer. Typically a 2D computer graphics use raster graphics as their primary means of source data representations, whereas 3D computer graphics use vector graphics in the creation of immersive virtual reality installations. A possible third paradigm is to generate art in 2D or 3D entirely through the execution of algorithms coded into computer programs and could be considered the native art form of the computer. That is, it cannot be produced without the computer. Fractal art, Data moshing, algorithmic art and Dynamic Painting are examples. How to cite Digital Art, Papers

Do children who are sexually abused become abusers free essay sample

Child abuse in the aspects of sexual abuse is defined as any form of forced or coerced contact or interactions where a child is engaged in a sexual situation with an adult (Conte Shore 2). The need to look into the perspectives of the offender and of the victims may help us understand commission of the crimes of sexual abuse: attempted or complete oral, anal, vaginal intercourse (Hooper 24-25); nude child photography (Hobbs et al 319); exposing body parts to a child; having the child view any sex act; and touching, grabbing (Prendergast 33), or kissing a child in the context of sexual abuse. The intensity of the experience measures the intensity of the transformation and shift of the victim’s personality. Any form of traumatic experiences of the offender may or may not explain the current behavior and commission of crime. The problem lies in how we connect experience to behavior in child abused crimes. We will write a custom essay sample on Do children who are sexually abused become abusers? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This seeks the probability of a victim becoming the abuser himself. Perpetrators of sexual abuse for both sexes are mostly men (Briggs 2). Sexual abuse may recur over a period of years before its disclosure (Miltenberger Roberts 84). The most vulnerable victims are those who came from families separated by divorce, having only one natural parent, and one whose family has discord or violence (Itzin 413). Physical symptoms of the abuse may result to vaginal or rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, bruised genitalia, and a sexually transmitted disease (Page Page 286-287). Other children tend to exhibit inappropriate sexual stimulation behavior symptoms or excessive sometimes compulsive masturbation preferred even to play by putting objects into genitals or anus for sexual stimulation and by sexual play with peers. (MacConaghy 3). The severity of the resulting behavioral patterns largely depends on the severity of the abused made. Emotional symptoms may cover nightmares (Botash 11-15), dinginess, physical or verbal aggression, excessive dependence or fear of specific people like withdrawal or decreased level of social functioning to greater incidence of suicide attempts (Goldsmith 15-16). Other symptoms of depression, self-destructive behavior, increase levels of anxiety, substance abuse, bulimia nervosa, and problems related to sexual functioning may be depicted as the child becomes an adult (Duncan 31). The most recent finding is the additional sign of hosting physical complaint such as rashes, vomiting and headaches without medical explanation (Couchenour Christman 106). They all have the tendency to develop problems each time they reach a developmental stage (Richardson Bacon 47). The child’s emotional growth naturally gets stifled at the age when the first attack was made. The psychological impact of sexual abused may differ according to gender. First we have to understand the effects of sexual abuse dominating in both sexes defined as the emotio-sexual conflict. The term emotio-sexual (Furniss 45) conflict refers to confusion on emotional and sexual levels. This is illustrated when a child comes to an adult for emotional care and is given a sexual response. In their confusion they have the strong tendency to bring sexualized behavior when what they wanted was plain emotional care. The parent inability to deal with their respective sexual and emotional problems sets a scene which can maintain long term child sexual abuse within the family once it has started. Their life experiences explain their responses in the way they do and handle things and why they chose each other as partners. This likely recreates the family pattern of their family origins (Bolen 128). The ongoing cycle of intergenerational abuse may pass on from generation to generation if the effects of the trauma were not resolved in a certain generation. The unhealthy ways of behaving regarded as normal may be passed on to their children without them being aware of the result or the consequence. The effects of sexual abuse on girls display a strong intergenerational pattern. Molested girls may fail to protect their children from prospective sexual abuse or may lack the desired parenting ability and most likely to produce children who will be abused. Developmental stability lies in connections of adverse victimization environments in which many adult survivors suffer for years and yet never fully recovered. This is when adversity leads to revictimization (Fontes 153). They are more likely to be the victims of rape and be involved in other forms of abusive relationships in their adult stage because of low self esteem. Male sexual abuse survivors showed a different pattern. The victim’s mental and emotional trauma is found to be especially acute if the perpetrator is the father or a sibling divided into internal and external factors. A male’s sense of powerlessness during the abuse has a greater probability of being channeled into aggressive sexual behavior wherein the victim will transform to become the offender (Clarke 141). Boys who were sexually molested may become the molesters themselves basing from criminal reports that sexual offenders were said to having been sexually abused when they were young. The link between early abuse and later crime was proven to be caused by exposure of traumatic influences (West 539). Many of these men discover unsettling anger within themselves expressed in forms of violent fantasies or rage. For some men, snapping results in perpetration of considerable violence (Lisak 525-548). For a minority of men, the need to be in control drove them to victimize other people especially with helpless kids as was once their experience. Norms dictate that appropriately masculine men don’t acknowledge nor express their pain, vulnerability, and feelings of helplessness which results in anger as the only thing that could fit well within societal acceptance. Research showed that there exist an intergenerational pattern of predominantly male victims becoming the abusers themselves. Emergence of unaddressed traumatic feelings often worsened in time developing negative identities ingrained in their mental state. This damage developed an equally pervasive assault on the victim’s connection to others being devoid of the ability to trust others. It was clarified in the intergenerational transmission theory that parents who were victims in their families of orientation will manifest reenactment of observed behavior from parents in their families of procreation. In some instances when they do not perform the victimization process, their children are the ones seen as vulnerable for victimization themselves (Plass Hotalling 335). This is what will happen when victims, mostly women, choose abusive partners who will most likely abuse their own children with the victim unable to protect the siblings. Anger and rage is the only powerful and active emotion acceptable to masculine gender norms. This shaped men to become sexually or emotionally predatory or abusive adults. Abusiveness is a product of identification of an internalized image reenacted subtly in everyday relationships. For men it will be the fate of becoming the abusers themselves. For women it will be the fate of revictimization. Whatever fate such traumatic experiences bring to the victim, society must start to learn to understand child sexual abuse and related domestic violence to be able to intervene appropriately.

Machiavelli’s Life and Principles Essay Example

Machiavelli’s Life and Principles Essay Name: Tutor: Course: Date: We will write a custom essay sample on Machiavelli’s Life and Principles specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Machiavelli’s Life and Principles specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Machiavelli’s Life and Principles specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Machiavelli’s Life and Principles Niccolo Machiavelli was an Italian scholar renowned for his military understanding and his views on leadership. Over his lifetime, he wrote many famous texts that scholars still revere top this day. His most famous work was The Prince, a title that mostly discusses the dynamics of power. In many of his works, Machiavelli discussed the different ways that a leader should behave and the values and attributes that they should have. Machiavelli practiced his own advice whenever he got the opportunity to do so. In The Prince, Machiavelli outlines the different ways that princes can succeed. He achieves this by using examples to show different successes in gaining and keeping power. One of the things that Machiavelli wrote about was the acquisition of power. Machiavelli claimed that it was best to use arms and virtue because when a prince acquired territory using his own troops and strengths, it would be easier for them to retain control of the land. One thing to note is that for Machiavelli, virtue mainly meant manliness and strength. Machiavelli also claimed that a leader should have evil qualities because that way it would be easier to hold on to power. For instance, he argued that it was better to be feared, but not hated, than to be loved. Lastly, he stated that a prince did not need to be trustworthy. In his life, Machiavelli adhered to some of the principles that he explains in his writings. Using his intellect and skills, he gained a series of promotions that helped him rise through the ranks of government in Florence. At one point he was in a close to the chief magistrate of Florence and in this position, he pushed for the use of local militia in the state. This conformed to one of the ideals that he stated in The Prince on the rejection of mercenaries in favor of local armies. When Florence had its own militia, Machiavelli was placed in charge of the militia. In this position, he showed great military understanding to capture Pisa (Unger 163). After Machiavelli lost his position, he was never able to rise to the same level of political prestige and was thus unable to apply his own principles. Work Cited Unger, Miles. Machiavelli: A Biography. New York, NY: Simon Schuster, 2011. Print. Class Struggles in the Contemporary World Scholars widely consider Karl Marx to be the father of Communism. His thoughts, works and ideas inspired leaders and political figures such as Josef Stalin, Vladimir Lenin and Mao Zedong. Marx’s works touched on a large number of issues affecting humanity such as governance, equality and wealth. To explain some of these issues, Marx introduced the concept of class struggles, or class conflict, to explain many of the issues that Europe was grappling with at its time. In his view, that many of the problems that were in Europe at the time, such as poverty, crime, war and unemployment could be explained by analyzing the concept of class conflict. Many of the issues that Marx talked about are still relevant in the contemporary world. Governments all over the globe are still struggling to deal with poverty, crime and unemployment and some of these crises seem to be worsening by the day. Class conflict can still be applied in the contemporary world to explain many of the problems th at humanity is facing. To explain class conflict, Karl Marx started by introducing two classes, the bourgeoisie and the proletarians. The bourgeoisie were the capitalists who owned Europe’s means of production. This meant that they were the richest people, had strong political connections and were the employers of the wage laborers (Marx and Engels 14). Marx argued that this class arose from the feudal society that had previously been in place in Europe (14). The feudal class had instituted class antagonisms and following its revival as the bourgeoisie, it was coming up with a new way of oppressing the people in lower socio-economic classes. The fresh system instituted new classes, methods of oppression and struggles within Europe (Marx and Engels 14). In contrast, Marx referred to Europe’s working class as the proletariat. This class provided the wage labor and worked in the companies owned by the bourgeoisie. Since they had no capital or means of production, these people were forced to provide labor for the upper classes as their only way of making a living (Marx and Engels 14). History shows that the feudal class, which became the bourgeoisie, had also been oppressing the working class in the previous feudal systems. This had come after most communities in Europe and Asia abolished the systems of common land ownership and replaced them with structures that created the antagonistic classes that Marx was discussing (Marx and Engels 14). Within this context, Marx explained that there was a perpetual struggle and conflict between the two main classes. The bourgeoisie and the proletariat were constantly in opposition to each other and this struggle between them played out in a persisting fight that took place in the background of their daily relations. Marx argued that history had seen people occupying positions of slaves, serfs and plebeians engaged in a constant struggle with their opposites such as freemen, lords and patricians (14). At the time that Marx was developing this theory, many of these positions had changed. The introduction of the bourgeoisie and the proletariat had made class struggles a much simpler concept to grasp. The divisions within society were limited to the two groups, with the classes consistently becoming larger as they simultaneously grew further apart. Capitalism grew hand in hand with class conflict, and it allowed the bourgeoisie to expand their industries and employ more people from the working class (Dahrendorf 5) The class conflict that Marx described was mainly the result of contrasting fortunes between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. Marx argued that the upper classes, needed to revolutionize the means of production to ensure that they remained at the top of the system. This was followed by the domination of global trade and the world market to create consumption for the products that their industries created. This system continually expanded into a massive global force that forced the bourgeoisie to spread and settle in other parts of the globe (Marx and Engels 16). Since the bourgeoisie employed the working class in the industries and other means of production, the proletariat grew along with the system that the upper class was instituting. Marx claimed that the situation was very different for the proletariat (18). In their case, they could only survive as long as they found work and they were only employable as long as their labor created capital for the bourgeoisie. Additionally, the use of advanced technology had taken away the pride that workers formerly had in their work (Marx and Engels 18). This contrasting situation created a lot of tension between the two classes as the proletariat felt that the bourgeoisie was using them to advance its position at their expense. One of the key issues surrounding class conflict was inequality. Karl Marx felt that the situation with the bourgeoisie and the proletariat created a lot of inequality between the two classes. The proletariat worked hard within the industries owned by the upper classes, but were paid meager wages. In contrast, the bourgeoisie were able to make large profits from their industries through systems that Marx argued were oppressive. For instance, by underpaying their employees, the companies were able to make sure that the profits that they made were larger. Additionally, these profits all went to the bourgeoisie meaning that regardless of how well the industries did, the working class would still earn the same salary. In the modern world, inequality still exists in various forms. Racial prejudice and sexism are good examples of inequality. For some scholars, the reality is that there can never be a society or community in which all men, women and children are afforded equal chances (Dahrendorf 23). There are varying reasons for these disparities, with some people arguing that the diversity found in society cannot allow there to be complete equality. Within a single community, there exists a wide range of tasks that need to be done along with a large number of diverse interests and abilities. A combination of these factors is what causes the inequality (Dahrendorf 23). However, this still does not explain the reason why some members of society place themselves in positions of complete dominance over others by using oppressive systems such as the one that Marx described. Dahrendorf argues that in the modern world, the shape of class conflict has changed in some ways (24). During Marx’s time, the conflict was typified by a system of social immobility that was deeply entrenched with European society. The problem then was not just that the system oppressed the working class, but that the proletariat had no chances of moving upwards towards a higher social class. The structures within society confined them to an unsatisfactory life of hard labor and low wages. The situation is different in the modern world. The issue of entitlement has substituted that of social mobility (Dahrendorf 27). Class conflict is now about the status that people hold in society and the different opportunities attached to those positions. One real problem involving inequality in the modern world is income disparity. Income disparity can be used to show the inequality that causes class struggles within the same economic context that Marx used to apply the situation. The American society is currently struggling to contain a growing gap between the top earners and the bottom earners in the nation’s economy. The end of the World Wars and the economic depression that came in between them saw the American government develop economic policies that were supposed to deal with the issue of income inequality (Schmitt 1). The policies were able to cause a reduction in this disparity but the 1970s saw all of the progress come undone. Income disparity in the country started to rise again and this trend has continued to this day. Subsequent economic scandals and crises such as the late 2000s recession have worsened the situation making it harder for American’s in the lower social classes to cope in the prevailing econo mic conditions (Schmitt 1). Class conflict helps to explain these disparities in many ways. Firstly, the American economy still relies on a capitalist system. The only change that has happened is that the structure is no longer centered on means of production but on financial systems (Foster and Holleman 191). The oppressive systems that Marx described in his works still exist, albeit in a different form. The bourgeoisie now depend on other systems to dominate society. The capitalist systems have allowed the upper classes to control national, regional and global economy and this has caused friction between them and the working class (Foster and Holleman 192). Class conflict also explains this income inequality by showing that there is a competition between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat where the former are trying to sustain the status quo in their favor while the latter keep trying to gain dominance over the other. This conflict has translated itself into tensions between the two classes as the workers pu sh for governments to increase taxes on the higher classes. This whole situation has seen different presidents elected around the world on campaigns that appear to be against the rich (Schuman 1). In other cases, the tensions have escalated into mass protests against financial institutions and other organizations that are deemed to be under the control of the upper class (Leavitt 2). There are several arguments that can be made against the idea that class conflict still applies in the world today. Firstly, society has evolved over the past few years, leading to the formation of new classes that do not fall under the categorization of either bourgeoisie or proletariat. The rise of the middle class is a good example of these changes within the class system that is now found in the world. The middle class is usually seen to be apathetic and uninvolved in the struggle between the classes and this opposes the ideas put forward by Marx in some ways. One of the reasons why the middle class are uninvolved in the struggle is the fact that they are trying to break into the bourgeoisie as opposed to bringing it down. Another counter argument to Marx’s theories entails the fact that there have always been members of the lower classes who are in control of some means of production. These people may not have owned large industries or companies but they were employers themselves and they were not struggling as much as their companions were even though they were employed as wage laborers by the bourgeoisie. Dahrendorf notes that this contradiction was there when Marx was coming up with his views, even though his works completely failed to acknowledge the existence of these people (9). The fact that some workers are capable of owning their own businesses and industries negates one of the key arguments that Marx made concerning chances and opportunities within a class system. This situation implies that there are possibilities for the working class to create their own industries and take control of some means of production. It also suggests that social mobility was not as limited as Marx made it to be. The concept of class conflict has influenced political discourse within society for years and years. Karl Marx came up with the idea as a way of explaining the different issues that were affecting European society during the nineteenth century. Even though the concept was developed almost two centuries ago, the ideas it held still apply today. Our societies are still divided into social classes, and these divisions have been the cause of a perpetual state of conflict and never ending tension. The same problems that created the class conflict still exist today, as different countries are struggling to deal with inequality, particularly in the incomes earned by different citizens. These disparities have worsened the situation, as the conflict between the two classes has been brought out in the open. Works Cited Dahrendorf, Ralf. The Modern Social Conflict: The Politics of Liberty. New Brunswick, N.J: Transaction Publishers, 2008. Print. Foster, John Bellamy and Hannah Holleman. â€Å"The financialization of the capitalist class: Monopoly-finance capital and the new contradictory relations of ruling class power.† Imperialism, Crisis and Class Struggle: The Enduring Verities and Contemporary Face of Capitalism. Ed. James F. Petras and Henry Veltmeyer. Leiden: Brill, 2010. 191-202. Print. Leavitt, Gregory C. Class Conflict: The Pursuit and History of American Justice. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers, 2013. Print. Marx, Karl, and Friedrich Engels. The Communist Manifesto. London: Pluto, 2008. Print. Schmitt, John. Inequality as policy: The United States since 1979. Real-World Economics Review 51.1 (2009): 1-9. Print. Schuman, Michael. â€Å"Marx’s revenge: How class struggle is shaping the world†. Time. Time Inc. 25 Mar. 2013. Web. 19 Nov. 2013.

Location and its effect on success or failure essays

Location and its effect on success or failure essays The Amish of Lancaster Pennsylvania (and Indiana) relied on the availability of good farmland for their success. At the time of their settling land was readily available and in large tracts. Even though much of the land needed to be cleared of trees and rocks the Amish were accustomed to hard physical labor so this was not a problem. They were able to establish a very successful farming operation, both grain and livestock. Their lifestyle was very restrictive so their proximity to larger populations in the early days was not even an issue. Today on the other hand, their farms have become centrally located within the state as a result of the continued development around them. They do still own enough land to be self sufficient and successful. The opportunity to sell excess goods and their highly reputed skills and labor as builders and craftsmen has added to their success and allowed their community to expand to other areas of the country. Today, just 18 miles from my house th ere are a growing number of Amish living today. They operate a highly successful dairy operation and a lumber mill. They also sell baked goods from a roadside stand located just east of Rockville on the south side of US 36. My wife and I look forward to frequent Saturday morning trips to buy fresh baked pies, cakes, cookies and best of all bread. They have adopted very few modern conveniences, but still manage to prosper in today's society while still adhering to their traditional way of life and worship. I say welcome to the Hoosier Heartland!!! The next of the communities I would like to discuss is the Oneida Community, located in upstate New York. Even though their community failed due to a number of reasons, their geographic location could only be slightly responsible. The fact that the neighboring communities, and the East Coast "New England" area as a whole were for the most part considered to be rather conservative, this led to a lot of r ...

Mystical Encounters Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 1

Mystical Encounters - Essay Example It is an effort of persons achieve perfect knowledge and gain ultimate knowledge and communion with the Supreme Being, through personal encounter with the supernatural being. The major concern of mystic is attaining realization of a union and submission to the Supreme Being. It is essential to note that the mystics in one way or the other affect individuals and communities as a whole, in the effort of attaining their goals by shaping character. This experience changes how a person view life and what they affect them as individuals or a group, thus the experience is more of personal. It can thus challenge the communal goals because, through it, individuals forming the commune obtain their character, experiences and belief. The religious belief, which the community abides by, reflects itself through the action of that community, what they encounter through the belief of the divine nature, thus mystical encounters. Mystical encounters involve any occurrence with a being without physical forms; these beings manifest it in different forms. They are normally inhuman or human forms, they maybe in the form of rocks, animals and tree spirits, which have extraordinary abilities to act differently under different situations. There are different types of mystical encounters experience by a believer these include prophetic dreams, apparitional manifestations, transfigurations, premonitions, automatic writing, spirit journey, instantaneous healing miracles among others (Dan 120). The believers of these mystics cannot explain how things happen; it is beyond human ability and understanding. The belief that the main purpose of mystics is to help its believers and followers understand how to act and approach issues accordingly. Failure to abide to the rules and regulation of mystic may lead to discrimination from the group, as it is a sign of rebellion and